一、备份还原的概念

1、  完整备份：完整备份因为需要备份的数据量大，所以需要在空闲时间进行，并且定期进行。

2、  日志备份：日志备份的数据量小，备份时间为上一次备份到本次本分期间的数据，每天都可以进行备份，或者每小时都可以进行备份，据所需备份。

3、  差异备份：只备份修改过的数据，与每小时进行的日志备份配合使用，效率更高。

 

二、备份设备

1、  在进行备份数据的保存时，需要输入的文件路径很长，并且每次都要输入，难免麻烦费事，所以我们先给文件路径取好别名，即备份设备，以便之后书写代码的方便。

2、 创建备份设备

IF EXISTS        (SELECT 1 FROM sys.backup_devices AS BD WHERE BD.name = 'dp_EduBase_FullBackup')    EXEC sp_dropdevice 'dp_EduBase_FullBackup';EXEC sp_addumpdevice 'DISK','dp_EduBase_FullBackup','C:\EduBase\Backup\Full\dp_EduBase_FullBackup.bak';    IF EXISTS        (SELECT 1 FROM sys.backup_devices AS BD WHERE BD.name = 'dp_EduBase_DiffBackup')    EXEC sp_dropdevice 'dp_EduBase_DiffBackup';EXEC sp_addumpdevice 'DISK','dp_EduBase_DiffBackup','C:\EduBase\Backup\Diff\dp_EduBase_DiffBackup.bak';    IF EXISTS        (SELECT 1 FROM sys.backup_devices AS BD WHERE BD.name = 'dp_EduBase_LogBackup')    EXEC sp_dropdevice 'dp_EduBase_LogBackup';EXEC sp_addumpdevice 'DISK','dp_EduBase_LogBackup','C:\EduBase\Backup\Log\dp_EduBase_LogBackup.bak';

 

1、  做完整备份

USE EduBase;        DECLARE @FullBkDesc VARCHAR(MAX);        //申明备份设备SELECT            @FullBkDesc = 'Weekly full backup for '+DB_NAME()+' at '+DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())+',week '+DATENAME(WEEK,GETDATE())+'.('+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),120)+')';    BACKUP DATABASE EduBase            TO dp_EduBase_FullBackup        WITH             INIT //INIT操作可以初始化文件，即可以覆盖掉之前的备份，保留本次操作过后的备份        ,Name = 'EduBase_FullBackup'        ,DESCRIPTION = @FullBkDesc;

2、 做日志备份

DECLARE @LogBkDesc VARCHAR(MAX);        SELECT            @LogBkDesc = 'Hourly log backup for '+DB_NAME()+' at '+DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())+',week '+DATENAME(WEEK,GETDATE())+',day '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(W,GETDATE())-1)+',hour '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(HOUR,GETDATE()))+'.('+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),120)+')';    BACKUP LOG EduBase            TO dp_EduBase_LogBackup        WITH            INIT        ,Name = 'EduBase_LogBackup'         ,DESCRIPTION = @LogBkDesc;

3、做差异备份

DECLARE @DiffBkDesc VARCHAR(MAX);        SELECT            @DiffBkDesc = 'Daily Differential backup for '+DB_NAME()+' at '+DATENAME(YEAR,GETDATE())+',week '+DATENAME(WEEK,GETDATE())+',day '+CONVERT(VARCHAR,DATEPART(W,GETDATE())-1)+'.('+CONVERT(VARCHAR,GETDATE(),120)+')';    BACKUP DATABASE EduBase            TO dp_EduBase_DiffBackup        WITH             DIFFERENTIAL         ,INIT        ,Name = 'EduBase_DiffBackup'